It next crosses the Mediterranean Sea to Turkey, and then central Asia where it ends at sunset in western Mongolia.

For lucky observers in Egypt, Turkey, Russia, Brazil, Mongolia, Libya, Togo, Nigeria and Chad, the Moon will completely obscure the Sun and cause almost total darkness for a few minutes. This is the total solar eclipse and such an event only happens every few years.

In addition, many countries in Europe will enjoy the spectacle of a partial eclipse. This partial eclipse will be seen within the much broader path of the Moon's penumbral shadow, which includes the northern two thirds of Africa, Europe, and central Asia.

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes between the Sun and the observer. This happens when the shadow cone of the Moon intersects the surface of Earth, and is observable by anyone within this shadow zone.

Take care!

You need to take some precautions if you want to enjoy watching the eclipse. Looking directly at the Sun can be very dangerous!

Looking directly at the photosphere of the Sun (the bright disk of the Sun itself), even for just a few seconds, can cause permanent damage to the eye because of the intense visible and invisible radiation that the photosphere emits. The retina of your eye has no sensitivity to pain, and the damage may not appear for hours, so there is no warning that injury is occurring.

SOHO and the eclipse

Any total solar eclipse is an exciting opportunity for unique observations from the ground. Free from the overwhelming glare from the Sun itself, the corona that surrounds it is usually the prime target for the observations.

So almost invariably during any eclipse, expeditions go out to whatever sites seem favourable, to capture what may be a once-in-a-lifetime observation of phenomena that are otherwise hidden by the brightness of the Sun.

To make the most of the observations, however, some expeditions are relying on additional data supplied from the ESA/NASA SOHO and other spacecraft, either to determine the pointing of their instruments, for context information to help interpret the data in a broader setting, or both.

Especially in demand are images from the EIT and LASCO instruments on SOHO. EIT observes the storms in the Sun's atmosphere by ultraviolet light, which is blocked by Earth's atmosphere.

LASCO is a visible-light coronagraph that keeps the Sun perpetually eclipsed by masks in its telescopes. Viewing a huge volume of space, LASCO can show how features seen close to the Sun, by ground observers during the eclipse, relate to space weather further out.

Related Links
ESA/NASA SOHO